Image Format Decision Tree: PNG, JPEG, WebP, AVIF, SVG

The Decision Process

Ask these questions in order: Is the image a vector graphic? If yes, use SVG. Does it need transparency? Does it need animation? Is photographic content or illustrations? Is file size critical? Each answer narrows the optimal choice.

SVG — Vector Graphics

Use SVG for logos, icons, diagrams, and illustrations that consist of geometric shapes. SVG files are resolution-independent (infinitely scalable), editable with code, and typically tiny in file size. Do not use SVG for photographs — rasterized images encoded as SVG are enormous.

PNG — Lossless with Transparency

PNG supports full alpha transparency and lossless compression. Use it for screenshots, diagrams with text, logos on transparent backgrounds, and any image where artifacts are unacceptable. PNG files are larger than JPEG for photographs but produce pixel-perfect output.

JPEG — Photographs

JPEG's lossy compression is optimized for photographic content with continuous tones and gradual color transitions. At quality 80-85, JPEG produces visually excellent results at small file sizes. Avoid JPEG for text, sharp edges, or images that will be edited repeatedly (quality degrades with each save).

WebP — Modern All-Purpose

WebP supports both lossy and lossless compression, transparency, and animation. Lossy WebP is 25-34% smaller than JPEG at equivalent quality. Lossless WebP is 26% smaller than PNG. Browser support exceeds 97% globally. WebP is the best default choice for web images in 2025.

AVIF — Next Generation

AVIF provides approximately 50% better compression than JPEG and 20% better than WebP. It supports HDR and wide color gamut. Browser support is growing rapidly (85%+ in 2025). Use AVIF as the primary format with WebP or JPEG as fallback for older browsers.

Format Comparison Table